# 22EXO

> 22EXO Laboratories, a research peptide supplier based in Jessup, Pennsylvania (USA), sells research-grade peptides as lyophilized powder for in-vitro laboratory research. Not for human or veterinary use. US shipping only: $9.99 flat, free over $200. Quantity pricing on every product: 2 vials 5% off, 3 = 10%, 4 = 15%, 5–9 = 20%, 10+ = 25%.

Every product and article has a Markdown version at the same URL plus `.md`. Prices and stock are live.

Contact: support@22exo.com

## Products — Apparel

- [22EXO Peptides Tee — Stone](https://www.22exo.com/product/22exo-peptides-tee.md): $28.00 — Stone-white unisex cotton tee with bold 22EXO PEPTIDES wordmark. Sized true for men, slightly oversized on women.
- [22EXO Snapback Cap — Black](https://www.22exo.com/product/22exo-snapback-cap.md): $32.00 — Black flat-brim snapback with embroidered 22EXO wordmark. One size fits most.

## Products — Growth Hormone

- [CJC-1295 DAC 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/cjc-1295-dac-5mg.md): $52.00 — Long-acting GHRH analogue with albumin-binding DAC technology — extends half-life to 6–8 days for sustained, pulsatile GH elevation with 2–10x GH increase demonstrated in human clinical trials.
- [CJC-1295 NO DAC (Mod GRF 1-29) 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/cjc-1295-no-dac-mod-grf-5mg.md): $40.59 — Mod GRF 1-29 — the tetra-substituted GHRH analogue that produces discrete physiological GH pulses without the sustained elevation of DAC, ideal for pulsatile GH research protocols.
- [GHRP-6 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/ghrp-6-5mg.md): $38.49 — The original GH secretagogue hexapeptide — potent GHS-R1a agonist producing robust GH pulses plus direct gastroprotective effects, with the ghrelin-mediated appetite response as a pharmacological marker.
- [HGH Fragment 176-191 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/hgh-fragment-176-191-5mg.md): $58.00 — The selective lipolytic hGH fragment — 16 amino acids retaining 12.5x the fat-burning potency of full GH without affecting IGF-1, insulin sensitivity, or cell proliferation. Pure adipose research.
- [IGF-1 LR3 0.1mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/igf-1-lr3-0-1mg.md): $52.00 — The most potent IGF-1 analogue — 13-fold IGFBP resistance extends half-life to 20–30 hours, providing sustained muscle satellite cell activation and PI3K/Akt/mTOR anabolic signaling.
- [Ipamorelin 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/ipamorelin-5mg.md): $43.00 — The cleanest GH secretagogue — a selective GHS-R1a agonist producing robust, dose-dependent GH pulses without cortisol elevation, HPA activation, or appetite stimulation.
- [Sermorelin 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/sermorelin-5mg.md): $58.00 — The FDA-approved GHRH fragment — 29 amino acids retaining full pituitary receptor activity, driving physiological GH pulses while preserving natural feedback. The clinically validated GH secretagogue.
- [Tesamorelin 10mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/tesamorelin-10mg.md): $96.00 — FDA-approved GHRH analogue (Egrifta) with enhanced DPP-IV resistance — the only GHRH peptide demonstrated to reduce visceral adiposity in clinical trials, through precise GH/IGF-1 axis activation.

## Products — Healing & Recovery

- [BPC-157 10mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/bpc-157-10mg.md): $76.99 — BPC-157 in the high-dose 10mg research format — ideal for extended protocols and dose-response studies, with the same gastric juice-derived cytoprotective profile.
- [BPC-157 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/bpc-157-5mg.md): $45.49 — The gold-standard cytoprotective pentadecapeptide — 15 amino acids isolated from human gastric juice, studied across 100+ publications for tendon healing, GI protection, and tissue repair.
- [GHK-Cu 50mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/ghk-cu-50mg.md): $58.00 — Nature's regenerative copper tripeptide — modulates 4,000+ genes toward youthful expression, stimulates collagen by 70%, and declines with age. The 50mg format for comprehensive research protocols.
- [Thymosin Beta-4 (TB-500) 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/tb-500-5mg.md): $47.59 — Synthetic Thymosin Beta-4 — the 43-amino acid actin-sequestering peptide naturally elevated after injury, providing systemic wound healing, angiogenesis, and cardiac repair signals.

## Products — Immune & Cognitive

- [Semax 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/semax-5mg.md): $50.00 — Russia's registered cognitive pharmaceutical — a stable ACTH(4-7) analogue that upregulates BDNF, enhances neuroplasticity, and improves recovery from cerebrovascular injury in clinical trials.
- [Thymosin Alpha-1 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/thymosin-alpha-1-5mg.md): $75.00 — The clinically approved thymic immunomodulator — approved in 35+ countries as Zadaxin for hepatitis and immune restoration, activating TLR9 and driving Th1 antiviral immunity.

## Products — Longevity & Cellular

- [Epithalon 10mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/epithalon-10mg.md): $78.00 — The telomere peptide — synthetic tetrapeptide that directly activates telomerase (hTERT), extends lifespan by 24% in model organisms, and restores pineal melatonin production.
- [Glutathione 200mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/glutathione-200mg.md): $70.00 — The master antioxidant tripeptide — GSH directly neutralizes ROS, regenerates vitamins C and E, and supports immune function. Injectable 200mg format for rapid systemic delivery research.
- [MOTS-C 10mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/mots-c-10mg.md): $82.59 — The mitochondrial genome peptide — translocates to the cell nucleus under metabolic stress to activate AMPK, improve insulin sensitivity, and mimic the metabolic benefits of exercise.
- [NAD+ 500mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/nad-plus-500mg.md): $118.00 — The cellular energy currency coenzyme — NAD+ levels decline 50% with aging, impairing sirtuins, DNA repair, and mitochondrial function. Research-grade 500mg for NAD+ restoration protocols.

## Products — Peptide Blends

- [BPC-157 + TB-500 Blend (5mg/5mg)](https://www.22exo.com/product/bpc-157-tb-500-blend-5mg.md): $94.00 — The premier tissue repair combination — 5mg BPC-157 provides localized cytoprotective signaling while 5mg TB-500 delivers systemic angiogenesis and repair signals to remote injury sites.
- [BPC-157 + TB-500 + GHK-Cu Blend (10mg/10mg/50mg)](https://www.22exo.com/product/bpc-157-tb-500-ghk-cu-blend.md): $118.00 — The ultimate regeneration triple-blend — 10mg BPC-157, 10mg TB-500, and 50mg GHK-Cu combine cytoprotection, systemic angiogenesis, and copper-mediated collagen synthesis for comprehensive tissue repair research.
- [BPC-157 + TB-500 + GHK-Cu + KPV Blend (10mg/10mg/50mg/10mg)](https://www.22exo.com/product/bpc-157-tb-500-ghk-cu-kpv-blend.md): $132.00 — The quad-peptide healing stack — adds 10mg KPV's direct NF-κB inhibition to the BPC-157/TB-500/GHK-Cu triple blend for comprehensive anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and ECM regeneration research.
- [CJC-1295 NO DAC + Ipamorelin Blend (10mg/10mg)](https://www.22exo.com/product/cjc-1295-no-dac-ipamorelin-10mg.md): $148.00 — High-dose CJC-1295 NO DAC + Ipamorelin blend — 10mg/10mg for extended protocols and dose-response studies, with the same dual-receptor GH synergy producing 3–10x amplified physiological GH pulses.
- [CJC-1295 NO DAC + Ipamorelin Blend (5mg/5mg)](https://www.22exo.com/product/cjc-1295-no-dac-ipamorelin-5mg.md): $69.00 — The definitive GH secretagogue combination — CJC-1295 NO DAC loads GH granules via GHRHR while Ipamorelin triggers release via GHS-R1a, producing 3–10x greater GH pulses through dual-receptor synergy.

## Products — Research Supplies

- [Bacteriostatic Water 30mL](https://www.22exo.com/product/bacteriostatic-water-30ml.md): $12.00 — 30 mL multi-dose vial of bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol) — the standard diluent for reconstituting lyophilized research peptide samples across multi-day in-vitro protocols.

## Products — Sexual Health

- [Kisspeptin-10 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/kisspeptin-10-5mg.md): $58.00 — The HPG axis master switch — Kisspeptin-10 is the most potent endogenous GnRH secretagogue, acting on arcuate nucleus KISS1R to drive pulsatile LH, FSH, and sex hormone production.
- [Melanotan II 10mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/melanotan-ii-10mg.md): $68.00 — Broad-spectrum cyclic melanocortin receptor agonist with activity across MC1R–MC5R. The parent scaffold from which the more selective PT-141 (Bremelanotide) was derived. Used as a reference compound in melanogenesis, appetite, and sexual-arousal pathway research.
- [Oxytocin 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/oxytocin-5mg.md): $44.00 — The trust and bonding nonapeptide — identical to endogenous oxytocin, FDA-approved (Pitocin), and studied across trust formation, anxiety reduction, sexual function, and metabolic regulation.
- [PT-141 10mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/pt-141-10mg.md): $98.00 — Synthetic cyclic heptapeptide and selective MC3R/MC4R melanocortin receptor agonist (INN: Bremelanotide). A reference compound in melanocortin pathway research, with a stable cyclic lactam structure and well-characterized pharmacokinetic profile.

## Products — Sleep & Recovery

- [DSIP 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/dsip-5mg.md): $55.00 — The original sleep neuropeptide — a thalamus-derived nonapeptide inducing delta slow-wave sleep, normalizing HPA stress reactivity, and demonstrating unique antioxidant and adaptogenic properties.

## Products — Weight Management

- [AOD 9604 5mg](https://www.22exo.com/product/aod-9604-5mg.md): $58.00 — The engineered lipolytic GH fragment — 16 amino acids retaining selective fat-burning activity without IGF-1 stimulation, with Phase IIb human trial data supporting its metabolic research profile.
- [AOD 9604 + GH 10iu](https://www.22exo.com/product/aod-9604-gh-10iu.md): $108.00 — Dual-action lipolytic and GH research compound — AOD 9604's selective adipose targeting combined with full-spectrum 10IU rhGH for comprehensive GH receptor pharmacology studies.

## Product categories

- [Apparel](https://www.22exo.com/shop/apparel)
- [Growth Hormone](https://www.22exo.com/shop/growth-hormone)
- [Healing & Recovery](https://www.22exo.com/shop/healing-and-recovery)
- [Immune & Cognitive](https://www.22exo.com/shop/immune-and-cognitive)
- [Longevity & Cellular](https://www.22exo.com/shop/longevity-and-cellular)
- [Peptide Blends](https://www.22exo.com/shop/peptide-blends)
- [Research Supplies](https://www.22exo.com/shop/research-supplies)
- [Sexual Health](https://www.22exo.com/shop/sexual-health)
- [Sleep & Recovery](https://www.22exo.com/shop/sleep-and-recovery)
- [Weight Management](https://www.22exo.com/shop/weight-management)

## Research stacks

- [All research stacks](https://www.22exo.com/shop/stacks): curated multi-compound research protocols; every component is sold individually and can be added in one step
- [Tissue Recovery Protocol](https://www.22exo.com/stack/tissue-recovery): Tissue repair and regeneration research
- [Cognitive Performance Protocol](https://www.22exo.com/stack/cognitive-performance): Neuroplasticity and immune-cognitive axis
- [Growth Hormone Axis Protocol](https://www.22exo.com/stack/gh-axis): Pulsatile GH-axis stimulation research
- [Longevity & Cellular Protocol](https://www.22exo.com/stack/longevity): Aging biology and mitochondrial research
- [Triple Healing Blend](https://www.22exo.com/stack/healing-blend): Pre-blended trio for multi-pathway recovery
- [Metabolic Research Protocol](https://www.22exo.com/stack/metabolic): Adipose biology and metabolic signaling
- [Sleep & Recovery Protocol](https://www.22exo.com/stack/sleep-recovery): Circadian peptides and recovery research

## Research library

- [How to Source GHRP-6: Purity, COA, HPLC, and Red Flags](https://www.22exo.com/blog/how-to-source-ghrp-6-purity-coa-guide.md): Sourcing research-grade GHRP-6 means reading a batch-specific COA, an HPLC purity trace, an MS identity result, and the cold chain. A procurement guide.
- [GHRP-6 Research Overview: Mechanism, GHS-R Pathway, and What Studies Show](https://www.22exo.com/blog/ghrp-6-research-overview-mechanism-studies.md): GHRP-6 is a synthetic hexapeptide and GHS-R1a agonist. A research overview of its receptor pharmacology, the PI/PKC pathway, and the preclinical record.
- [Oxytocin: The First Peptide Hormone Sequenced and the Research Record That Followed](https://www.22exo.com/blog/oxytocin-research-hypothalamus-vincent-du-vigneaud.md): Vincent du Vigneaud sequenced oxytocin in 1953 and won the Nobel Prize for it two years later. Seventy years on, oxytocin is one of the most-studied peptides in neuroscience and one of the most over-claimed in popular science writing.
- [Tesamorelin: The Stabilized GHRH Analog Approved for HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy](https://www.22exo.com/blog/tesamorelin-egrifta-hiv-lipodystrophy-research.md): Tesamorelin (Egrifta) is a stabilized GHRH analog with a single trans-3-hexenoyl modification at the N-terminus. It became the first GHRH-based drug FDA-approved for an adult indication: HIV-associated visceral adipose tissue accumulation.
- [Sermorelin: The First 29 Amino Acids of GHRH That Became a Research Tool](https://www.22exo.com/blog/sermorelin-ghrh-research-29-amino-acid.md): Sermorelin is GHRH(1-29), the truncated active fragment of growth hormone releasing hormone. The fragment was approved as a diagnostic agent in the 1990s and became a workhorse research tool for studying somatotroph function.
- [Melanotan-II: The Arizona Sun-Defense Project That Became a Research Compound](https://www.22exo.com/blog/melanotan-ii-research-history-arizona-mt2.md): Melanotan-II started in a 1980s University of Arizona lab trying to prevent melanoma by inducing tanning without UV. The clinical program ended, but the molecule became one of the most studied non-selective melanocortin agonists in research literature.
- [Polypeptide vs Peptide vs Protein: Definitions, Sizes, and Why It Matters](https://www.22exo.com/blog/polypeptide-vs-peptide-vs-protein.md): The terms peptide, polypeptide, and protein are used interchangeably in casual conversation and inconsistently in the primary literature. The distinctions are real, biologically meaningful, and directly relevant to how researchers synthesize, store, and handle these molecules in the lab.
- [Peptides Near Me: Where Research Labs Source Peptides in Major U.S. Metros](https://www.22exo.com/blog/peptides-near-me-research-supply.md): When a lab technician types 'peptides near me,' they are almost certainly asking the wrong question. Here is how research institutions across the ten largest U.S. metros actually source RUO peptides — and why geography matters less than cold-chain logistics.
- [Are Research Peptides Legal in the U.S.? RUO and FDA](https://www.22exo.com/blog/are-research-peptides-legal-usa.md): Research peptides occupy a defined but frequently misunderstood legal category in the U.S. The answer depends on which law applies, what the peptide is, who is buying it, and what it is labeled for.
- [Bacteriostatic Water for Peptides: Sourcing and Sterility](https://www.22exo.com/blog/bacteriostatic-water-for-peptides-guide.md): Bacteriostatic water is sterile water plus 0.9% benzyl alcohol. That additive makes it safe for multi-dose lab use. Here is what it is, where U.S. labs source it, and how storage affects it.
- [How to Reconstitute Peptides: Step-by-Step Lab Protocol](https://www.22exo.com/blog/how-to-reconstitute-peptides-lab-protocol.md): Lyophilized peptides arrive as dry powder or cake. Research-chemical reconstitution requires the right solvent, the slow-stream technique, and concentration math to keep a research solution intact.
- [Why BPC-157, TB-500, and GHK-Cu Get Stacked Together: The Mechanism Map](https://www.22exo.com/blog/ghk-cu-blend-rationale-bpc-tb-stack-research.md): Three peptides, three different cellular processes, one tissue-repair logic. The combination has become one of the most-used research stacks. Here is the mechanistic case for why — and what the evidence actually supports.
- [PT-141 / Bremelanotide: From the Tan-Sex Sunscreen to FDA Approval and Back](https://www.22exo.com/blog/pt-141-bremelanotide-fda-approval-research-history.md): PT-141 has one of the more unusual development histories in peptide pharmacology. It started as a melanocortin tanning agent, became a sexual function drug after researchers noticed an unexpected side effect, got FDA-approved as Vyleesi in 2019, and continues as a research tool for melanocortin receptor pharmacology.
- [Semax: The ACTH Fragment That Russian Pharmacology Built a Cognitive Drug Around](https://www.22exo.com/blog/semax-cognitive-bdnf-research-russian-pharmacology.md): Semax is approved as a cognitive drug in Russia. It is a 7-amino-acid fragment of ACTH(4-10) with a small modification, and the published research on its BDNF and dopaminergic effects spans three decades and two languages.
- [Thymosin Beta-4 and the Actin Pool: What TB-500 Actually Does at the Cellular Level](https://www.22exo.com/blog/tb-500-thymosin-beta-4-actin-research.md): TB-500 is a fragment of thymosin beta-4, a 43-residue protein whose primary cellular role is sequestering G-actin monomers. The mechanism is unusual, the literature is dense, and the therapeutic implications are still being worked out.
- [BPC-157 and the Gut: What the Pliva Croatian Trials Actually Tested](https://www.22exo.com/blog/bpc-157-gut-research-pliva-trials.md): Before BPC-157 became a peptide-research mainstay, it spent two decades in pharmaceutical development as PLD-116 and PL 14736 — a candidate inflammatory bowel disease drug. The Phase II data is real and rarely cited correctly.
- [NAD+, NMN, NR: What's Actually Different When You Pick a Precursor](https://www.22exo.com/blog/nad-research-vs-nmn-nr-precursors.md): All three names show up on supplement bottles and in research papers, often interchangeably. They are not interchangeable. Here is what the bioavailability and tissue distribution data say about which one ends up where.
- [Kisspeptin-10: The Peptide That Started Puberty in Mice With No Receptor](https://www.22exo.com/blog/kisspeptin-10-hypothalamic-research-overview.md): In 2003 two groups simultaneously showed that loss of the GPR54 receptor blocked puberty in mice and humans. The endogenous ligand turned out to be kisspeptin. Twenty years later it is one of the most studied peptides in reproductive neuroendocrinology.
- [IGF-1 vs IGF-1 LR3: Why the Modified Version Lasts Twelve Times Longer](https://www.22exo.com/blog/igf-1-lr3-vs-native-igf-1-research.md): IGF-1 LR3 was engineered to escape the binding proteins that suppress native IGF-1 in serum. The modification is a 13-residue extension and an arginine substitution. Here is what those two changes do and why the cell-culture and in vivo data look different than they do for the native peptide.
- [GHK-Cu: The Copper Peptide That Reorganizes Itself in Aging Skin](https://www.22exo.com/blog/ghk-cu-skin-tissue-research-pickart.md): GHK is a tripeptide that copper finds. The Pickart lab spent four decades showing what happens when it does. From a 1973 plasma fraction to over 60 published papers on wound healing, dermal remodeling, and gene expression, here is the research record.
- [Biohacking and Peptide Research: How the Consumer Science Community Is Driving Discovery](https://www.22exo.com/blog/biohacking-peptide-research-culture.md): The biohacker and citizen science community isn't waiting for clinical trials. Here's how consumer demand is reshaping peptide research priorities — and why quality sourcing matters more than most people in this space realize.
- [Sleep, Circadian Rhythm, and Peptides: DSIP and the Neuroscience of Deep Rest](https://www.22exo.com/blog/dsip-sleep-peptide-research.md): DSIP — delta sleep-inducing peptide — was isolated from rabbits in 1977 and doesn't work like any sedative. It selectively promotes deep-wave sleep patterns and may be part of the endogenous mechanism behind sleep-related growth hormone secretion. Here's the research.
- [Longevity Peptides: What Does the Research Say About NAD+, Epithalon, and Glutathione?](https://www.22exo.com/blog/longevity-peptides-nad-epithalon-glutathione.md): NAD+ depletion, telomere shortening, and oxidative stress are three of the most studied mechanisms in aging biology. Here's what the research on Epithalon, NAD+, Glutathione, and MOTS-c actually shows — and what it doesn't yet tell us.
- [Growth Hormone Secretagogues Explained: The Researcher's Guide to GHRH and GHRP Peptides](https://www.22exo.com/blog/gh-secretagogues-guide.md): GHRH analogs like CJC-1295 and ghrelin mimetics like Ipamorelin work through distinct pathways to stimulate the body's own GH production — a fundamentally different approach from exogenous growth hormone. Here's the endocrinology behind how they work.
- [The Science of Recovery: How Your Body Heals Tendons, Ligaments, and Muscle — And What Peptides May Add](https://www.22exo.com/blog/recovery-science-peptides.md): Tendons and ligaments heal slowly — and often incompletely. Here's the biology behind why, and what the research on BPC-157, TB-500, and GHK-Cu says about where peptides might fit in the recovery process.
- [Peptides 101: What They Are, How They Differ From Proteins, and Why Researchers Care](https://www.22exo.com/blog/peptides-101-beginners-guide.md): Peptides are short chains of amino acids, but that simple definition conceals a world of complexity that determines how they're made, how they work, and why researchers find them more interesting than ever. This guide covers the fundamentals — structure, synthesis, purity, and the major research categories — for anyone starting to explore the field.
- [Semax: The Russian Nootropic Peptide That Western Science Is Finally Noticing](https://www.22exo.com/blog/semax-nootropic-peptide-research.md): Semax has been clinically approved in Russia for over 30 years for stroke and cognitive disorders, yet remains largely unknown in Western research circles. The compound's BDNF-upregulating mechanism, genome-wide ischemia transcriptome data, and three decades of clinical use make it one of the most substantively researched nootropic peptides available.
- [PT-141 (Bremelanotide): From NASA Sunscreen Accident to FDA-Approved Sexual Health Peptide](https://www.22exo.com/blog/pt-141-bremelanotide-research-history.md): PT-141 (bremelanotide) began with an accidental self-injection at the University of Arizona and ended as FDA-approved Vyleesi. The research history spanning Melanotan II's discovery through the RECONNECT Phase 3 trials illuminates the melanocortin-4 receptor mechanism underlying sexual desire.
- [AOD 9604 Research: What 900 Clinical Trial Participants Taught Us About This GH Fragment](https://www.22exo.com/blog/aod-9604-clinical-trial-research.md): AOD 9604 went through multiple human clinical trials enrolling 900+ participants before Metabolic Pharmaceuticals discontinued it in 2007. The story of what those trials found — and why the compound failed commercially despite real efficacy signals — is one of the most instructive in peptide research.
- [Thymosin Alpha-1 and Immune Modulation: From Hepatitis Treatment to Broader Applications](https://www.22exo.com/blog/thymosin-alpha-1-immune-modulation.md): Thymosin alpha-1 is approved in over 35 countries for hepatitis treatment and carries one of the most extensive clinical records of any research peptide — including compelling COVID-19 mortality data from 2020. Here's what the research actually shows about its Toll-like receptor mechanism and who benefits most.
- [MOTS-c: The Mitochondrial Peptide That Acts Like an Exercise Pill](https://www.22exo.com/blog/mots-c-mitochondrial-exercise-peptide.md): MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-encoded peptide that rises during exercise and activates AMPK — doubling running capacity in old mice in USC's Reynolds 2021 study. A detailed look at what the research actually found.
- [Epithalon and Telomere Research: What Khavinson's Studies Actually Found](https://www.22exo.com/blog/epithalon-telomere-research-khavinson.md): What Khavinson's telomerase findings, the Anisimov lifespan study, and recent cell line research actually found — including an honest account of the evidence's limitations and what remains to be established.
- [How BPC-157 Actually Works: The Nitric Oxide, VEGF, and Growth Factor Story](https://www.22exo.com/blog/how-bpc-157-works-mechanism.md): A mechanistic deep dive into how BPC-157 works: nitric oxide modulation via Src-Cav-1-eNOS, VEGFR2-driven angiogenesis, FAK-paxillin cell migration activation, and the gut-brain axis connection from published research.
- [Healing Peptide Blends: BPC-157 + TB-500 + GHK-Cu — Why Researchers Combine Them](https://www.22exo.com/blog/healing-peptide-blends-bpc157-tb500-ghkcu.md): BPC-157, TB-500, and GHK-Cu each target different phases of the tissue repair cascade. A research-based explanation of the three-phase healing model and why the published data supports studying these peptides together.
- [Research Peptide Dosing Protocols: What Published Studies Actually Used](https://www.22exo.com/blog/research-peptide-dosing-protocols.md): A breakdown of the actual doses used in published BPC-157, CJC-1295, ipamorelin, AOD-9604, and Epithalon research — with a clear explanation of how allometric scaling converts animal study data to human equivalent doses.
- [Peptide Reconstitution and Handling: A Researcher's Guide to Not Ruining Expensive Compounds](https://www.22exo.com/blog/peptide-reconstitution-handling-guide.md): Peptide reconstitution done wrong can degrade a significant fraction of your compound before any experiment starts. A practical guide covering the chemistry, math, and technique that protect expensive research peptides.
- [The CJC-1295 + Ipamorelin Stack: Research Rationale and Synergy Data](https://www.22exo.com/blog/cjc-1295-ipamorelin-stack-research.md): CJC-1295 and Ipamorelin target different receptor systems — GHRH receptors and GHS-R1a respectively — creating synergistic GH pulses that exceed either compound alone. A mechanistic breakdown of why the combination works.
- [How to Evaluate Peptide Purity: HPLC Reports, Mass Spec, and Red Flags to Watch For](https://www.22exo.com/blog/peptide-purity-hplc-testing-guide.md): Reading a peptide certificate of analysis competently requires understanding what HPLC purity actually measures, what mass spec confirms, and what missing data should make you walk away.
- [CJC-1295 With vs. Without DAC: Pharmacokinetics, Half-Life, and What Matters for Research](https://www.22exo.com/blog/cjc-1295-dac-vs-no-dac-pharmacokinetics.md): CJC-1295 with DAC has a half-life of 5.8–8.1 days; the no-DAC version clears in 20–30 minutes. A data-grounded breakdown of what those numbers mean for GH pulsatility and research protocol design.
- [BPC-157 vs. TB-500: What the Research Actually Shows About Each Peptide](https://www.22exo.com/blog/bpc-157-vs-tb-500-research-comparison.md): BPC-157 and TB-500 are frequently compared and often stacked — but their mechanisms are genuinely distinct. A research-grounded breakdown of what the published data actually shows for each peptide.
- [Research library RSS feed](https://www.22exo.com/blog/rss.xml)

## Tools and help

- [Reconstitution calculator](https://www.22exo.com/calculator): bacteriostatic-water volume, concentration and aliquot math for laboratory dilutions
- [Peptide finder](https://www.22exo.com/quiz): a short questionnaire that maps a research area to the compounds studied in it
- [Knowledge base](https://www.22exo.com/knowledge-base): answers on ordering, shipping, payments, storage and research-use terms (full text in llms-full.txt)
- [Customer reviews](https://www.22exo.com/reviews): approved reviews from customers
- [Support](https://www.22exo.com/support): open a support ticket or check the status of one
- [Wholesale and institutional ordering](https://www.22exo.com/wholesale): dealer pricing and bulk orders for labs and distributors (application required)
- [Careers](https://www.22exo.com/careers): open positions
- [About 22EXO](https://www.22exo.com/about)

## Policies

- [Shipping](https://www.22exo.com/shipping): carriers, rates, transit times
- [Refunds & returns](https://www.22exo.com/refunds)
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- [Terms of service](https://www.22exo.com/terms): research-use-only agreement
- [Privacy](https://www.22exo.com/privacy)

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